Multicultural Experience Fosters Creative Conceptual Expansion

This task was presented to the many designers, artists, and students from all over the world who took part in the Belgian chocolate initiative project organized by the Addict Creative Lab. When the famous Belgian chocolate company Isis Luxury approached this ethnically and functionally diverse group to brainstorm product branding and packaging strategies to enhance the product's marketability, Giovanna Massini, the Addict Creative Lab researcher who led the chocolate project, advised his lab members: “Chocolate in Belgium is an icon, like pasta in Italy. But why do we feel obliged by tradition? We must disturb the traditional shapes. We must create new combinations, new ingredients.”

Information

Type: Chapter
Information: Cultural Processes
A Social Psychological Perspective
, pp. 263 - 285
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511779374.020 [Opens in a new window]
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010
Creative Commons: This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

References

Amabile, T. M. 1996 Creativity in contextBoulder, COWestview PressGoogle Scholar

Arndt, J.Greenberg, J.Solomon, S.Pyszczynski, T.Schimel, J. 1999 Creativity and terror management: Evidence that creative activity increases guilt and social projection following mortality salienceJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 77 19CrossRef Google Scholar

Barron, F.Harrington, D. M. 1981 Creativity, intelligence, and personalityAnnual Review of Psychology 32 439CrossRef Google Scholar

Barsalou, L. W. 1985 Ideals, central tendency, and frequency of instantiation as determinants of graded structure in categoriesJournal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 11 629Google Scholar PubMed

Bartlett, F. C. 1958 Thinking: An experimental and social studyNew YorkBasic BooksGoogle Scholar

Battig, W. F.Montague, W. E. 1969 Category norms for verbal items in 56 categories: A replication and extension of the Connecticut category normsJournal of Experimental Psychology Monographs 80CrossRef Google Scholar

Carringer, D. C. 1974 Creative thinking abilities of Mexican youth: The relationship of bilingualismJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 5 492CrossRef Google Scholar

Chen, S.Andersen, S. M. 1999 Relationships from the past in the present: Significant-other representations and transference in interpersonal lifeZanna, M. P.Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 31123San Diego, CAAcademic PressCrossRef Google Scholar

Chiu, C-Y.Morris, M.Hong, Y.Menon, T. 2000 Motivated cultural cognition: The impact of implicit cultural theories on dispositional attribution varies as a function of need for closureJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78247CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Costa, R. T.McCrae, R. R. 1992 Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manualOdessa, FLPsychological Assessment ResourcesGoogle Scholar

Crutchfield, R. S. 1962 Conformity and creative thinkingGruber, H.Terrell, G.Wertheimer, M.Contemporary approaches to creative thinkingNew YorkAthertonGoogle Scholar

Csikszentmihalyi, M. 1996 Creativity: Flow and the psychology of discovery and inventionNew YorkHarperCollinsGoogle Scholar

Feist, G. J. 1998 A meta-analysis of the impact of personality on scientific and artistic creativityPersonality and Social Psychological Review 2 290CrossRef Google Scholar

Finke, R. A.Ward, T. B.Smith, S. M. 1992 Creative cognition: Theory, research, and applicationsCambridge, MAMIT PressGoogle Scholar

Fu, H.Morris, M. W.Lee, S.Chao, M.Chiu, C.-yHong, Y. 2007 Epistemic motives and cultural conformity: Need for closure, culture, and context as determinants of conflict judgmentsJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 9 191CrossRef Google Scholar

Greenberg, J.Pyszczynski, T.Solomon, S.Rosenblatt, A.Veeded, M.Kirkland, S. 1990 Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural world viewJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 58 308CrossRef Google Scholar

Greenberg, J.Pyszczynski, T.Solomon, S.Simon, L.Breus, M. 1994 Role of consciousness and accessibility of death-related thoughts in mortality salience effectsJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 67 627CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Greenberg, J.Solomon, S.Pyszczynski, T. 1997 Terror management theory of self-esteem and cultural worldviews: Empirical assessments and conceptual refinementsZanna, M. P.Advances in experimental social psychology61New YorkAcademic PressGoogle Scholar

Guilford, J. P. 1959 Traits of creativityAnderson, H. H.Creativity and its cultivation142New YorkHarperGoogle Scholar

Guimerà, R.Uzzi, B.Spiro, J.Amaral, L. A. N. 2005 Team assembly mechanisms determine collaboration network structure and team performanceScience 308 697CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Heaton, A. W.Kruglanski, A. W. 1991 Person perception by introverts and extroverts under time pressure: Need for closure effectsPersonality and Social Psychology Bulletin 17 161CrossRef Google Scholar

Huntsinger, C. S.Schoeneman, J.Ching, W.-D. 1994 A cross-cultural study of young children's performance on drawing and handwriting tasksChicago, ILGoogle Scholar

Hong, Y.-yWan, C.No, S.Chiu, C-Y. 2007 Multicultural identitiesKitayama, S.Cohen, D.Handbook of cultural psychologyNew YorkGuilfordGoogle Scholar

Ip, G. W.-mChen, J.Chiu, C.-y 2006 The relationship of promotion focus, need for cognitive closure, and categorical accessibility in American and Hong Kong Chinese university studentsJournal of Creative Behavior 40 201CrossRef Google Scholar

Jenn, K. A.Northcraft, G. B.Neale, M. A. 1999 741

Johansson, F. 2005 Masters of the multiculturalHarvard Business Review 83 8Google Scholar

Kashima, E. S.Halloran, M.Yuki, M.Kashima, Y. 2004 The effects of personal and collective mortality salience on individualism: Comparing Australians and Japanese with higher and lower self-esteemJournal of Experimental Social Psychology 40 384CrossRef Google Scholar

Kashima, E. S.Loh, E. 2006 International students’ acculturation: Effects of international, conational, and local ties and need for closureInternational Journal of Intercultural Relations 30 471CrossRef Google Scholar

Kosic, A.Kruglanski, A. W.Pierro, A.Mannetti, L. 2004 The social cognitions of immigrants’ acculturation: Effects of the need for closure and reference group at entryJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 86 796CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Krugslanki, A. E.Webster, D. M. 1996 Motivated closing of the mind: “Seizing” and “freezingPsychological Review 103 263CrossRef Google Scholar

Lambert, W. E.Tucker, G. R.d’Anglejan, A. 1973 Cognitive and attitudinal consequences of bilingual schooling: The St. Lambert project through grade fiveJournal of Educational Psychology 65 141CrossRef Google Scholar

Leung, A. K.-yChiu, C.-y 2008 Interactive effects of multicultural experiences and openness to experience on creativityCreativity Research Journal 20 376CrossRef Google Scholar

Leung, A. K.-yChiu, C.-yMulticultural experiences, idea receptiveness, and creativityJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

Leung, A. K.-yMaddux, W. W.Galinsky, A. D.Chiu, C.-y 2008 Multicultural experience enhances creativity: The when and howAmerican Psychologist 63 169CrossRef Google Scholar

Levine, J. M.Moreland, R. L. 2004 Collaborations: The social context of theory developmentPersonality and Social Psychology Review 8 164CrossRef Google Scholar

Maddux, W. W.Galinsky, A. D. 2009 Cultural borders and mental barriers: The relationship between living abroad and creativityJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 96 1047CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Maehr, M. L.Yamaguchi, R. 2001 Cultural diversity, student motivation and achievementSalili, F.Chiu, C.-y.Student motivation: The culture and context of learning123New YorkPlenumCrossRef Google Scholar

McCrae, R. R.Costa, P. T. 1997 Conceptions and correlates of openness to experienceHogan, R.Johnson, J.Briggs, S.Handbook of personality psychology825San Diego, CAAcademic PressCrossRef Google Scholar

Murray, H. 1938 Explorations in personalityNew YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar

Nemeth, C.Kwan, J. 1987 Minority influence, divergent thinking and detection of correct solutionsJournal of Applied Social Psychology 17 788CrossRef Google Scholar

Nemeth, C.Wachter, J. 1983 Creative problem solving as a result of majority vs. minority influenceEuropean Journal of Social Psychology 13 45CrossRef Google Scholar

Okoh, N. 1980 Bilingualism and divergent thinking among Nigerian and Welsh school childrenJournal of Social Psychology 110 163CrossRef Google Scholar

Rhodes, M. 1987 An analysis of creativityIsaksen, S. G.Frontiers of creativity research: Beyond the basics216Buffalo, NYBearlyGoogle Scholar

Rosenblatt, A.Greenberg, J.Solomon, S.Pyszczynski, T. 1989 Evidence for terror management theory I: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who violate or uphold cultural valuesJournal of Personality & Social Psychology 57 681CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Rubin, D. C.Kontis, T. C. 1983 A schema for common centsMemory and Cognition 11 335CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Rudowicz, E.Lok, D.Kitto, J. 1995 Use of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking in an exploratory study of creativity in Hong Kong primary school children: A cross-cultural comparisonInternational Journal of Psychology 30 417CrossRef Google Scholar

Sawyer, K. 2006 Explaining creativity: The science of human motivationNew YorkOxford University PressGoogle Scholar

Scott, W. A. 1965 Values and organizations: A study of fraternities and sororitiesChicagoRand McNallyGoogle Scholar

Simonton, D. K. 1975 Sociocultural context of individual creativity: A transhistorical time-series analysisJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 32 1119CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Simonton, D. K. 1997 Foreign influence and national achievement: The impact of open milieus on Japanese civilizationJournal of Personality and Social Psychology 72 86CrossRef Google Scholar

Simonton, D. K. 2000 Creativity: Cognitive, personal, developmental, and social aspectsAmerican Psychologist 55 151CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Simonton, D. K. 2003 Scientific creativity as constrained stochastic behavior: The integration of product, person, and process perspectivesPsychological Bulletin 129 475CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Solomon, S.Greenberg, J.Schimel, J.Arndt, J.Pyszczynski, T. 2004 Human awareness of mortality and the evolution of cultureSchaller, M.Crandall, C. S.The psychological foundations of culture15Mahwah, NJLawrence ErlbaumGoogle Scholar

Sorokin, M. I. 1969 Society, culture, and personalityNew YorkCooper SquareGoogle Scholar

Stein, M. I. 1953 Creativity and cultureJournal of Psychology 36 311CrossRef Google Scholar

Tadmor, C. T.Tetlock, P. E. 2006 Biculturalism: A model of the effects of second-culture exposure on integrative complexityJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 37 173CrossRef Google Scholar

Thurstone, L. L. 1952 Creative talentThurstone, L. L.Applications of psychology18New YorkHarper and RowGoogle Scholar

Wan, W.Chiu, C.-y 2002 Effects of novel conceptual combination on creativityJournal of Creative Behavior 36 227CrossRef Google Scholar

Ward, T. B. 1994 Structured imagination: The role of conceptual structure in exemplar generationCognitive Psychology 27 1CrossRef Google Scholar

Ward, T. B. 2001 Creative cognition, conceptual combination, and the creative writing of Stephen RAmerican Psychologist 56 350CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Ward, T. B.Patterson, M. J.Sifonis, C. M.Dodds, R. A.Saunders, K. N. 2002 The role of graded category structure in imaginative thoughtMemory and Cognition 30 199CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Ward, T. B.Smith, S. M.Vaid, J. 1997 Conceptual structures and processes in creative thoughtWard, T. B.Smith, S. M.Vaid, J.Creative thought: An investigation of conceptual structures and processesWashington, DCAmerican Psychological Association BooksCrossRef Google Scholar

Weisberg, R. W. 1999 Creativity and knowledge: A challenge to theoriesSternberg, R. J.Handbook of creativity226Cambridge, EnglandCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar

Williams, K.O’Reilly, C. 1998 The complexity of diversity: A review of forty years of researchStaw, B.Sutton, R.Research in organizational behavior, Vol. 2177Greenwich, CTJAI PressGoogle Scholar

Vadino, D. 2006 http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/dec2006/id20061206_931012.htm?campaign_id=rss_daily

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Why this information is here

This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

Accessibility Information

Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this chapter is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.

Book contents

14 - Multicultural Experience Fosters Creative Conceptual Expansion

Summary

Information

References

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Why this information is here

Accessibility Information

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive