from Part III - The Troops
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 February 2026
The chapter argues that the Red Army’s troops prized sexual activity as one of the defining characteristics of strong manhood. They tended to consider all women – Soviet civilians, their female comrades, and European women – as potential sexual partners. Although many Soviet soldiers and officers viewed all women in this way, how much violence they were willing to employ to obtain sex, and what they could get away with, varied considerably between different groups of women. The most vulnerable to attacks were women from “enemy” countries, which explains the mass nature of sexual violence in Romania, Hungary, and Austria. The chapter also discusses the soldiers’ absurd and untrue stories of foreign women as depraved seductresses, which had the goal of justifying the violence. It also discusses sexual relations between Soviet soldiers and European civilians that were transactional and free of outright violence.
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