This article was originally published with incorrect affiliations.

The affiliation of Ping Zhang was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

The affiliation of Jun Liu was originally given as School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, China.

The correct affiliation is School of Automation and Electric Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110168, China.

The affiliation of Kai Cao was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

The affiliation of Yi Sun was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

The affiliation of Youzhi Xu was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

The affiliation of Andong Jiang was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

The affiliation of Xuefei Liu was originally given as Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

The affiliation of Huan Shen was originally given as College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliation is Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

The affiliation of Aihong Ji* was originally given as Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China.

The correct affiliations are:

Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bionic Materials and Equipment, Nanjing 210016, China.

State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

The errors have been corrected and the online HTML and PDF versions updated.

The author apologises for the error.