The idea of China cannot be restricted to that of mainland China, as Euro-American and Chinese scholars perceive it. In Thailand, China studies were originally formulated by American scholars during the Cold War. However, this framework has failed to capture the complex and evolving dynamics between the United States, Thailand, and China. This article explores how Sino-Thai scholars have attempted to develop a new understanding of “Sinologism” as a decolonial response to the American-style approach to China studies. This paper employs qualitative methods from the humanities to analyse the evolving idea of China through the lens of Sino-Thai Sinologism, which differs significantly from its American-style counterpart. Situated within an emerging direction in Area Studies, this form of scholarship embodies academic diplomacy or “foreign affairs from below” – one shaped by both Westerners and Asians.

Oil palm is a commercially important crop that is cultivated throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Due to favorable climatic conditions, oil palm cultivation is concentrated in Southeast Asia, with Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand accounting for approximately 87% of the global palm oil supply. Effective weed management is essential for maintaining oil palm productivity; however, excessive reliance on herbicides has raised concerns over herbicide resistance and environmental sustainability. This review evaluates current weed management strategies in oil palm plantations, including chemical, mechanical, cultural, and biological, with an emphasis on integrated weed management (IWM) strategies suitable for production systems in Southeast Asia. Particular attention is given to the differing weed management constraints faced by industrial plantations and smallholder producers, including variations in labor availability, operational scale, and access to weed management technologies. Current evidence suggests that combining complementary control tactics, such as integrating mechanical and cultural practices with chemical and biological control methods, offers greater long-term sustainability than reliance on herbicides alone. Individual practices, however, face significant limitations, including economic constraints, labor shortages, and inconsistent effectiveness, highlighting the importance of integrated strategies. We conclude that adaptive, multi-tactic IWM programs tailored to local production scales will be critical for sustainable weed management in future oil palm production.

This qualitative study investigates social participation and recognition through volunteering for people with disabilities in Thailand. Using data from 65 participants across five provinces, and employing Social Role Valorization (SRV) as the framework, this study examines how volunteering can transform people with disabilities from recipients of aid into valued social contributors. The results revealed that volunteering can enhance self-esteem, skills development, and community connections. However, significant barriers impede access to valued roles, including societal attitudes, physical environment limitations, and a lack of support. Despite these challenges, many volunteers with disabilities exhibited leadership by participating in volunteering activities and successfully shifting society’s perceptions about their abilities. Nonetheless, acceptance in the broader society remains limited due to insufficient promotion of their social contributions in the media. In conclusion, inclusive volunteering supported by both the private and government sectors is crucial for promoting the valuable social contributions that people with disabilities can provide.

Drawing upon archival records from the Republic of China and first-hand memoirs of direct witnesses, this article examines the June 15 and August 10 incidents of 1948 in Thailand,1 highlighting the intricate interplay between anti-communist and anti-Chinese politics. While existing scholarship has largely located these events within Phibun Songkhram’s anti-Chinese educational policies, this article moves beyond conventional narratives by uncovering their deeper political implications. The June 15 Incident primarily targeted overseas Chinese communists, the Qiaodang, substantially undermining its mobilizational and organizational capacities, whereas the August 10 Incident predominantly affected prominent Chinese merchants and Kuomintang-affiliated groups, reflecting broader anti-Chinese objectives. The article argues that anti-communist and anti-Chinese agendas were mutually constitutive, strategically intertwined by the Phibun regime to garner international support from Western powers and consolidate domestic control. By employing flexible diplomacy and deliberate ambiguity, the Thai government adeptly navigated Cold War tensions and internal political pressures, minimizing geopolitical risks while strengthening regime stability. Ultimately, these incidents reveal the profound consequences of instrumentalizing ethnic and ideological tensions, which significantly reshaped diasporic Chinese communities and the trajectory of Thailand’s early communist movement.

In 1936, one of the largest mass disrobings of Buddhist monks and novices in modern history took place in northern Thailand. Around 1,000 monks and novices were disrobed, with some estimates as high as 2,000. The disrobed monastic clergy were members of the ‘Tiger Order’. The movement took its name from its leader, Khruba Srivichai (1878–1939), who was born in the Year of the Tiger. The arrest of Srivichai and the subsequent mass disrobing were crucial turning points in the formation of the modern nation-state of Thailand. Nonetheless, this extraordinary mass disrobing has been virtually erased from historical memory. Drawing on archival sources and oral histories conducted with over 200 northern monks and villagers, this article seeks both to highlight the historical fact of the mass disrobing and analyse the process of its erasure from memory. Analysing four phases in the chronopolitics of erasure, this article shows how processes of remembering and forgetting underlie the paradox of both the maintenance of memories of Srivichai and the disappearance of memories of the widespread disrobing.

Capillaria Moravec, 1987, is a genus of thin, threadlike roundworms infecting various hosts, including fishes. Fifteen species have been described from freshwater, brackish-water and marine fishes, primarily based on morphological characters. However, species identification remains challenging, and no molecular information is currently available for previously described Capillaria species. Utilizing morphological, scanning electron microscopy, and molecular evidence, we describe Capillaria (Procapillaria) nubthaiensis Chan, 2025 as a new species of capillariid infecting the commercially important fish Scomberomorus commerson from the Gulf of Thailand. Examination of 30 male and 30 female specimens revealed key morphological features distinguishing Capillaria nubthaiensis sp. nov. from other members of Capillaria (Procapillaria). These morphological characters include a unique female vulva that appears slightly protruding and forms a ‘knob-like’ shape appendage and a small papilla near the base of each male lobe with another pair of small papillae near the anus. Molecular phylogenies obtained from the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes also support the distinction from other species in the family Capillariidae. The discovery of C. nubthaiensis sp. nov. represents the first record of a Capillaria species infecting S. commerson, and it is also the first to be recorded in Thailand’s marine waters. Alongside molecular information, this study contributes vital information beneficial for the taxonomy and biodiversity of capillariids in marine fishes.

International donors frequently seek to transition local NGOs to national government funding during aid reduction. The outcomes of this transition vary widely between contexts. Scholarship on aid reduction has yet to explain this variation, and some donor policies for facilitating transition lack a firm basis in research. In this article, we use NGO–government relations theory to analyze case study data from the HIV/AIDS sector in Thailand. We find that NGO–government relations theory provides a convincing explanation for the outcomes of the sector’s transition. The theory indicates that for transition to be successful, the NGO–government relationship must shift from a supplementary one, marked by outside funding for NGOs, guarded attitudes, and more restrictive government oversight, to a complementary relationship marked by government funding, collaborative attitudes, and regulations that facilitate NGO activities. This shift in Thailand has been largely successful but is incomplete. The findings suggest that donors should pay attention to the underlying attitudes of NGOs and government, in addition to laws and bureaucratic procedures. The research identifies several current donor programs with the potential to facilitate attitude change and one that may be counterproductive.

The analysis of discursive practices enables us to get a deep understanding of single cases and the characteristics of their particular political context. The case of the military coup in Thailand in 2006 serves here to demonstrate the applicability of discourse analysis to investigations of the relation between civilian control of the military and the process of democratic consolidation.

In 1932, Khana Ratsadon (the People’s Party) overthrew the absolute monarchy in a military coup, introducing constitutional rule in Siam (Thailand after 1939). The dominant historical narrative in Thailand centres on the monarchy as the instigator of historical change, celebrating the roles of Thai monarchs in the development and protection of democracy. According to this narrative, democracy is portrayed as the monarchy’s gift to the people, while the significance of the 1932 revolution and Khana Ratsadon has been marginalized in the history of the origins of democracy in Thailand. Since the military coups in Thailand in 2006 and 2014, both original and newly created objects related to Khana Ratsadon have emerged in political protests against coups and post-coup governments. Simultaneously, a revisionist historiography has gained momentum. This article explores how the discursive and material (re)emergence of Khana Ratsadon contributes to the formation of a counter-memory, creating a space for political commentary to enact and reimagine the possibilities of community anew. In doing so, the article will examine the intricate relationship between a historiography of oblivion, counter-memory, and what we term ‘banal and revolutionary objects’.

Phlebotomine sand flies are found across multiple regions of Thailand, with growing recognition of their role in transmitting zoonotic pathogens. Environmental factors, including climate variability and vector ecology, may influence their distribution and activity, contributing to the potential spread of zoonotic pathogens in Southeast Asia. However, comprehensive data on sand fly distribution in Thailand remain limited. To address this gap, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Out of 112 records retrieved, 33 met the inclusion criteria and quality assessment for further analysis. As per results, sand flies are widespread in Thailand, with a high level of species diversity comprising 42 species of 6 different genera. However, several provinces lack data on the presence and distribution of sand flies. Eleven species were identified as the overall abundant species throughout the studies from January 2007 to June 2025 and grouped by abundance: low-abundance species (Sergentomyia barguesae, Sergentomyia phadangensis, Sergentomyia barraudi and Sergentomyia indica), abundant but understudied species (Sergentomyia sylvatica, Sergentomyia anodontis and Neopulpus vietnamensis) and most abundant species (Sergentomyia hodgsoni, Sergentomyia gemmea, Sergentomyia iyengari and Sergentomyia khawi). From the most abundant species, S. khawi tested positive for several pathogens, such as Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., Bartonella spp. and orbivirus. Besides, S. khawi has been shown to exhibit human-biting behaviour through the analysis of blood meal. These findings raise concerns about its potential role in pathogen transmission, especially concerning zoonotic pathogens. However, vector competence remains unproven for some of these pathogens, suggesting the need for further research.