The Western Himalaya harbours distinctive and rich mountain mammal assemblages, yet the persistence of species may conceal underlying ecological decline. We propose the concept of deceptive diversity, describing the period during which extinction debt accumulates but remains largely undetected as species continue to persist. Synthesising evidence from long-term population monitoring, distributional assessments, genetic studies, and recent observations of climate- and development-driven ecological change, we show that many mammals in the Western Himalaya persist as small, fragmented and peripheral populations exhibiting restricted distributions and isolation. Emerging consequences include novel species interactions, declining connectivity, reduced dispersal opportunities, and increased extinction debt, despite the continued presence of many species. We argue that biodiversity assessments based solely on occupancy or species richness risk overlooking these hidden processes of ecological erosion. Recognising deceptive diversity shifts conservation attention from documenting extinctions to identifying the early demographic and ecological warning signals that precede them. This provides a framework for proactive conservation of populations before declines become irreversible; a proposition which is relevant to other important mountain biodiversity hotspots globally.

Widening participation in psychological wellbeing practitioner (PWP) training by targeting mature candidates has the potential to bring greater diversity of life experience into the profession, as well as address retention challenges. This paper presents observations on recruitment interest, academic performance, and career aspirations among mature PWP trainees (aged 35 years and older), in comparison with those of traditional PWP trainees (aged under 35 years). Participants were recruited from pre-training events and training cohorts at the University of Surrey. The study utilised a cross-sectional survey to understand the age profiles of trainees recruited into training, an analysis of routinely held participation and academic attainment data, and a longitudinal survey to explore future career aspirations between mature and traditional trainees. The findings showed that mature candidates attended recruitment events in proportionally higher numbers, but this did not necessarily translate to securing places on training. Mature trainees achieved lower class awards and exhibited higher withdrawal and termination rates compared with traditional trainees. Mature trainees reported higher intentions to stay in a PWP-related role than their traditional counterparts; however, both groups expressed concerns about poor progression opportunities and the risks of burnout. The implications of these findings for clinical services and university providers, along with recommendations for future research, are discussed.

Key learning aims

1. (1) To outline the rationale for widening participation in PWP training, specifically focusing on mature candidates.

2. (2) To outline interest for PWP training, academic attainment and career aspirations in mature PWP candidates and trainees.

3. (3) To consider the implications of these findings for Talking Therapies services and university training providers, with regard to recruitment practices, training support and retention.

Updated taxonomic data are presented for 34 species belonging to 12 vetigastropod families collected from Canopus Bank, a seamount off northeastern Brazil. Distributional ranges are extended for 12 species, and bathymetric limits are revised for another 12. Five species: Emarginula suspira, Hemimarginula hemitoma, Profundisepta volcano comb. nov., Homalopoma boffii, and Parviturbo brasiliensis are reported for the first time from northeastern Brazil, extending their known distributions northward from southeastern waters. Five additional species: Arene flexispina, Diodora fluviana, Diodora listeri, Haplocochlias risoneideneryae, and Solariella quinni exhibit notable range expansions in Brazilian waters. The Caribbean species Dentistyla dentifera is documented for the first time in the southwestern Atlantic. Four new generic combinations are proposed in light of new evidence: P. volcano comb. nov., Puncturella canopa comb. nov., Puncturella cearensis comb. nov., and Puncturella columbaris comb. nov. Three new species are described based on shell morphology: Arene asteria sp. nov., distinguished by its low, keeled shell with a star-like outline and a strongly sculptured base and operculum; Parviturbo cancellifer sp. nov., characterised by its broad, tricarinate shell with a lattice-like sculpture; and Parviturbo durian sp. nov., noted for its strongly nodulose, spiny shell with a wide circular aperture bearing nine denticles and a distinctively sculptured base. Comparisons with related taxa are supported by high-resolution photography, scanning electron microscopy, and computed tomography reconstructions.

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is cultivated globally for leaf powder, fruit, seed oil and pharmaceuticals, yet germplasm characterization remains limited, constraining its use and improvement. We characterized 148 individuals from 32 families across seven countries/programmes in a two-season randomized complete block trial in Hawaii, USA, measuring 12 morphological, phenological and agronomic traits. Significant family-level variation (p < 0.05) was detected for nine traits. Genetic correlations between 1-year and 6-month post-coppice regrowth ranged from rg = 0.544 (leaf count) to rg = 0.776 (tree height), indicating trait-dependent rank stability; coppice shoot production was highly consistent between 1- and 6-month regrowth (rg = 0.896). Trait antagonisms between market classes were evident, with tree height positively correlated with leaf production (r = 0.61) and flowering time negatively correlated with seed weight (r = −0.41). Selection indices identified 80 individuals specialized for either leaf or fruit/seed markets, with none excelling in both, documenting complete market specialization not previously reported in moringa. These stable traits underpin principal markets, making this characterized, public-domain germplasm immediately valuable for market-targeted evaluation and breeding.

CBT training programmes increasingly emphasise widening participation and workforce sustainability; however, limited research has explored how neurodivergent trainees and practitioners experience the academic and pedagogical structures through which CBT competence is developed and assessed. This study examined how neurodivergence, specifically the author’s dyslexia and dyspraxia, shaped engagement with CBT training, academic assessment, and pedagogical leadership, and considered implications for inclusive and authentic competence development. A critical autoethnographic approach was employed, drawing on reflective narratives situated within neurodiversity theory, experiential learning models, and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) frameworks. Four interconnected themes emerged: (1) academic norms functioning as structural barriers to competence demonstration; (2) the hidden emotional and cognitive labour of navigating academic systems; (3) neurodivergent strengths within experiential learning and clinical formulation; and (4) transformation of lived experience into inclusive pedagogical redesign within CBT training programmes. The barriers described here reflect systemic misalignment between traditional academic structures and experiential competence development rather than individual deficit; while grounded in dyslexic and dyspraxic experience, they may resonate across neurodivergence. UDL-informed curriculum design and diversified assessment approaches may enhance accessibility, authenticity of competence evaluation, and workforce sustainability within CBT education.

Key learning aims

1. (1) To understand how neurodivergent identity shapes experiences of CBT training and academic engagement.

2. (2) To recognise systemic academic barriers affecting neurodivergent CBT trainees and practitioners.

3. (3) To explore the role of experiential learning and inclusive pedagogy in supporting diverse learners.

4. (4) To identify implications for assessment design and curriculum development within CBT training programmes.

This article examines how encounters with South Asian religious diversity shaped the English East India Company’s systems of knowledge, governance, and authority between 1601 and 1700. Moving beyond interpretations that emphasise commerce or geopolitics, it argues that religion was central to the company’s early development as a governing institution. Drawing on company correspondence, travel accounts, administrative records, and the writings of figures such as Streynsham Master, the study demonstrates how concerns about conversion, loyalty, and moral discipline informed corporate policy and administrative practice. The company’s responses to religious plurality were profoundly shaped by engagement with Mughal and regional traditions of governance, which employed forms of religious accommodation to maintain political stability within diverse populations. Rather than imposing a purely English model, company officials adapted existing South Asian practices of sufferance, communal representation, and negotiated authority. The article also explores the role of brokers and intermediaries, whose fluid religious identities complicated European confessional categories while facilitating commercial and political relationships. Simultaneously, the company developed classificatory forms of knowledge that rendered religious communities increasingly legible and governable. By tracing the intersections of religion, knowledge production, and administration, the article shows how the company’s management of plurality laid important foundations for later British imperial governance in India.

Political parties in advanced democracies face a dual challenge: fewer citizens are willing to volunteer, and those who remain active are disproportionately older and male. This is troubling given the central role that volunteers play in campaigns and party processes. Whether party leaders can recruit a larger and more diverse activist base remains an open question. We partnered with a major party in the Netherlands and conducted two field experiments before the 2021 general and 2022 municipal elections, targeting over 35,000 party members. The party randomized whether members received a personal call, an email or both. Results show that calls—where members could voice their opinions—increased volunteer sign-up rates (83% in Study 1 and 361% in Study 2), especially among younger members. By contrast, emails had no effect. These findings clarify mixed evidence in the literature, suggesting that voice opportunities are key to expanding and diversifying the activist base.