In the current times of polycrisis, citizens’ resilience is crucial but its determinants are not well-understood. We employ multilevel regression models using longitudinal individual-level and country-level data across 23 European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. In line with previous studies, we find that individuals’ resilience is driven by their economic, human, social, and “institutional capital.” We then specifically focus on objective measures and citizens’ subjective perceptions of institutional capital. We find that social expenditure in most policy areas is associated with individuals’ resilience. Labor market programs seem most important. Beyond government effectiveness, political stability, rule of law, and control of corruption also matter. In addition, subjective perceptions of public service quality and trust in public institutions are crucial, too, even after accounting for objective measures. These relationships are stronger in Southern and Northern Europe. Our findings suggest that strengthening citizens’ resilience requires strong governance and citizens’ positive perceptions of it.

International law posits that occupation is a temporary state that does not transfer an atom of sovereignty to the occupying power. Nevertheless, in situations of prolonged occupation driven by the political goal of (unlawful) annexation, the occupying power might try to enforce its presence by claiming historic title to territory and denying the ties of the present population to their homeland. Controlling archaeological sites and narratives about cultural heritage becomes part of the battle for territorial conquest: if the occupier manages to manipulate the heritage record to showcase a ‘better’ claim to the land in question, then they may be able to turn prolonged occupation into permanent colonization. In this article, we engage with this puzzle, and show that, despite this danger, international cultural heritage law can provide a useful platform for resistance alongside other areas of international law. In fact, where the aims of cultural heritage law and the law of occupation converge, occupied populations may harness both to demand their fundamental right to self-determination. This article uses the prolonged occupation of Palestine as a case study for resistance organized around the identity claims that heritage law can help leverage in situations of prolonged occupation.

Drawing on Luthar’s relational framework of resilience, this study examines how parental resilience operates within marital dynamics to shape adolescent adjustment in Mexican-origin families. Using four waves of data from 604 families (Madolage = 12.41, SD = 0.97; 54.3% girls), we tested a longitudinal cascade linking W1 parental resilience to W4 adolescent anxiety and substance use via W2 marital warmth, W3 marital satisfaction, and W3 adolescents’ perceptions of interparental conflict. Actor-partner interdependence models revealed both intrapersonal and interpersonal pathways: wives’ resilience predicted own marital warmth, whereas husbands’ resilience predicted wives’ warmth. Indirect effects indicated that wives’ resilience was associated with lower adolescent anxiety and substance use through warmer marital interactions, higher marital satisfaction, and reduced perceived conflict. These findings position resilience as a promotive relational resource enacted within the marital dyad, advancing interparental positivity spillover theory by identifying parental resilience as upstream drivers of family processes that shape adolescent psychopathology.

Drug shortages disrupt healthcare delivery and pose a critical challenge to the resilience of pharmaceutical supply chains. This study investigates the drivers of drug shortages in Italy – Europe’s leading pharmaceutical producer – to identify the factors associated with supply disruptions and inform evidence-based health policy. Using national data from 2018 to 2023, we analysed 17,619 drugs across 3,013 groups of substitutes, covering community, dual-dispensed, and hospital distribution channels. Generalised linear mixed models were employed to assess how drug characteristics, market dynamics, and regulatory features influence shortage risk. Shortages were most prevalent among community drugs, where high market fragmentation and low-profit margins contributed to supply instability. Patent protection was associated with lower shortage risk for non-sterile drugs, while sterile drugs remained vulnerable regardless of patent status, likely due to manufacturing complexity. Notably, price effects were age-dependent: higher prices mitigated shortage risk, particularly for older drugs. This study offers a comprehensive evaluation of shortage patterns in a key pharmaceutical market, identifying structural risk factors and market vulnerabilities. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers aiming to design targeted interventions, strengthen supply chain resilience, and ensure continuous access to essential medicines.

This paper presents a comparative study about the resilience of two sea nomadic groups of Southeast Asia – the Moken of the Myeik Archipelago (Myanmar/Thailand) and the Orang Suku Laut of the Riau-Lingga Archipelago (Indonesia). While they might have been historically valued for their seafaring skills, sea nomadic groups have increasingly been described as “uncivilised” and subsequently marginalised through state expansion and the commodification of marine and coastal resources. Drawing on James C. Scott’s concept of state simplifications, we examine how state-led developments, tourism or pearl farming threaten their access to marine spaces and redefine their livelihoods. Although the Moken and Orang Suku Laut have not been able to ward off state control completely, they have developed counter-exclusion and resilience strategies to maintain their presence in Southeast Asia’s maritime waters and coastal areas. These include developing alliances with Chinese intermediaries along patron-client relationships, selectively engaging with environmental initiatives or mobilising more than-human actors. The Moken rely on decentralised networks and mobility to negotiate shifting powers, while the Orang Suku Laut consolidate kinship-like ties with patrons and leverage their reputation of black magic (ilmu hitam) practitioners to resist state intrusion. This paper illustrates their astounding degree of agency and creativity in their effort to preserve their cultural identities and rights to the seas and coastal regions they inhabit. The struggles and strategies of the Moken and Orang Suku Laut may thus offer conceptual tools for challenging the territorial imaginaries of the modern state and envisioning more plural futures for oceanic worlds.

Building on recent studies of classical resilience, this article scrutinizes the second-century BC inscriptions on the monument of Aemilius Paullus at Delphi, erected in 167 BC. By analysing the epigraphic reuse of its surfaces, the article posits that the Roman pillar played a crucial political role in the second century BC. It functioned as a material device used by Delphi, the Amphictyony and pro-Roman Greek agents to consolidate their interstate authority and legitimacy amidst the intricate military dominance of Rome and the influence of the Greek leagues. These inscriptions reveal the interplay of new pro-Roman elites, interstate arbitrations, Greek memorialization and Roman provincialization, all converging to signify the rapid transformations of this era. Consequently, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Greek ideological adaptations to Roman power during this period.

Plants, botanical gardens, and plantations played significant economic and social control roles in British colonial history, establishing monocultures and promoting scientific enquiry. Enslaved Africans, though integral to this system, have been largely erased from the discourse. Assigned marginal lands by British plantations, they cultivated provision grounds known subsequently in Jamaica as kitchen or backyard gardens growing food crops to supplement meagre rations. These spaces fostered food self-sufficiency, community well-being, and anti-colonial resistance. On these grounds, enslaved Africans tended foods brought from Africa, guarded medicinal plant knowledge, and when industrious, grew surpluses to achieve economic independence and escape poverty. Their nutritious, culturally relevant diets contrasted with inadequate plantation rations, now believed to be a contributory factor of non-communicable diseases prevalent in their descendants today. Over centuries, provision grounds evolved into small farms that became mainstays of domestic food production in Jamaica, sowing the roots of food indigeneity. This article traces the growth and economic impact of these grounds, their eventual decline, and their repositioning in Jamaican society. It examines their influence on food security, diets, foodways, health, and livelihoods, arguing that these grounds planted seeds of resilience and harvested hope for later generations.